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IBM Terminology


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G
 
 G11N
See globalization.
 G.711
(1) Specification for uncompressed voice for PSTN and Voice over Internet Protocol access.
(2) An audio codec that produces a better sound quality (contains more frequencies) than G.723, but consumes more network bandwidth and is unusable over a 56K connection (requires 64K). G.711 consumes fewer processor cycles than G.723.
 G.723
An audio codec that compresses data by removing all frequencies except those required to support the human voice. This codec uses less network bandwidth but consumes more processor cycles than the G.711 codec.
 gadget
In the AIXwindows Toolkit, a windowless graphical object that looks like its equivalent like-named widget but does not support the translations, actions, or pop-up widget children supplied by that widget.
 Gantt chart
A graphical representation of a project or proposal timeline and duration.
 gap
(1) In SQL replication, a range of log or journal records that the Capture program cannot read. The changed data in a gap can be lost.
(2) Active-site log data that is not available to the tracking IMS. The log data might be missing either because it was not sent or because an I/O error occurred at the tracking site.
 garbage collection
(1) Part of a language's runtime system or an add-on library that automatically determines the memory that a program no longer uses, and recycles it for other use. Garbage collection may be assisted by the compiler, the hardware, the operating system, or any combination of the three.
(2) A routine that searches memory to reclaim space from program segments or inactive data.
 gatekeeper
A component of a Voice over Internet Protocol that provides services such as admission to the network and address translation.
 gateway
(1) A device or program used to connect networks or systems with different network architectures.
(2) An entity that operates above the link layer and converts, when required, the interface and protocol used by one network into those used by another distinct network.
(3) Software that provides services between the endpoints and the rest of the Tivoli environment.
(4) A component of a Voice over Internet Protocol that provides a bridge between VoIP and circuit-switched environments.
(5) A middleware component that bridges Internet and intranet environments during Web service invocations.
(6) A ground-based link to a mobile satellite service network.
(7) An exit point from Partner Gateway that is used by Partner Gateway to deliver documents to a back-end system or a trading partner.
 gateway class
The interface for Java Client applications to connect to the Gateway daemon. The Gateway classes, which are supplied with the CICS Transaction Gateway, must be in the classpath for Java Client applications to run.
 Gateway daemon
Used only in remote mode, the Gateway daemon listens on protocols defined in CTG.INI for gateway requests from remote Java client applications. It issues these requests to the Client daemon on distributed platforms, and directly to CICS over the external CICS interface (EXCI) on z/OS. The Gateway daemon runs the protocol listener threads, the worker threads and the connection manager threads.
 gateway destination
A type of service destination that receives messages for gateway services. Gateway destinations are divided into those that are used for request processing and those that are used for reply processing.
 Gateway group
A collection of Gateway daemon instances, that uses the services of a single ctgmaster. The group provides a TCP/IP load balancing capability for XA transactions.
 gateway method
A method that runs on behalf of an endpoint on the gateway to which the endpoint is assigned. The results of the method are forwarded to the managed resource that requested that the method be run.
 gateway service
A Web service that is made available through the Web services gateway.
 gateway service processor
A service processor that relays alerts from service processors on an Advanced System Management (ASM) interconnect network to IBM Director Server.
 gateway token
A token that represents a specific Gateway daemon, once a connection is established successfully.
 gauge
An indicator for the current value for an item. See also counter.
 GB
See gigabyte.
 GBIC
See gigabit interface converter.
 GBP
See group buffer pool.
 GBP-dependent
The status of a page set or page set partition that is dependent on the group buffer pool. Either read/write interest is active among DB2 subsystems for this page set, or the page set has changed pages in the group buffer pool that are not yet cast out to disk.
 Gbps
See gigabits per second.
 GCC
See GNU Compiler Collection.
 GCGID
See graphic character global identifier.
 GCS
See Group Control System.
 GCSGID
See graphic character set global identifier.
 GDA
See global directory agent.
 GDDM
See Graphical Data Display Manager.
 GDF
See graphics data format.
 GDF file
See graphics data format file.
 GDG
See generation data group.
 GDPS
See Geographically Dispersed Parallel Sysplex.
 GDS
(1) See general data stream.
(2) See Global Directory Service.
(3) See generalized data stream.
(4) See generation data set.
 GDS reclaim processing
An automatic process that the the storage management subsystem (SMS) performs when a generation data set (GDS) exists in deferred roll-in state and a job attempts to create a (+1) generation. When the job begins, SMS reclaims the GDS and uses its data set name for the new (+1) generation. GDS reclaim processing can be disabled. See also generation number.
 general activity
In Backup, Recovery, and Media Services, an instruction to perform a specific operation such as *LOAD (load a new tape) or *EXIT (perform user exit).
 general data stream (GDS)
A structured field that precedes all mapped conversation user data in the communications data stream. It consists of a length (LL), which is defined as the first 2 bytes of the structured field, and a general data stream identifier (GDS ID), which is defined as the next 2 bytes following the length field that identifies the GDS-defined format of the data.
 general format
The use of a character symbol for each unique data value. For example, all alphabetic characters in a column are replaced with the letter A.
 General Inter-ORB Protocol (GIOP)
A protocol that Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) uses to define the format of messages.
 generalizable element
A model element that may participate in a generalization relationship.
 generalization
The derivation of the definition of a class, function, or static data member from a template. An instantiation of a template function is a generalization.
 generalization relationship
In UML modeling, a relationship in which one model element (the child) is based on another model element (the parent).
 generalized data stream (GDS)
The SNA-defined data stream format used for basic conversations on APPC sessions.
 generalized interactive executive (GIX)
A function of the NetView Distribution Manager licensed program that provides the host system user with interactive use of the NetView Distribution Manager program.
 generalized main scheduling (GMS)
A set of algorithms that allow the system programmer to tailor job scheduling and selection to the specific needs of the installation.
 Generalized Object File Format (GOFF)
This object module format extends the capabilities of object modules so that they can contain more information. It is required for XPLINK.
 Generalized Performance Analysis Reporting (GPAR)
A tool designed as a base for reporting on the performance of IBM or user-written programs.
 generalized sequential access method (GSAM)
A database access method that allows batch application programs to access a sequential data set record that is defined as a database record. This database record is handled as one unit, with no segments, fields, or hierarchical structure. Any records to be added are inserted at the end of the database. GSAM does not allow database records to be updated or deleted .
 generalized sequential access method program communication block (GSAM PCB)
The PCB that describes an application program's interface to a GSAM data set. One GSAM PCB is required for each GSAM data set view used by the application program.
 generalized trace facility (GTF)
A z/OS service program that records significant system events such as I/O interrupts, SVC interrupts, program interrupts, and external interrupts.
 general log
A general purpose log stream used by CICS for any of the following: forward recovery logs, autojournals, or user journals. See also system log.
 General Packet Radio Service (GPRS)
A packet data communications system that allows information to be sent and received across a mobile telephone network. GPRS permits faster Internet access and improved mobile technology through continuous connectivity.
 general pool
In a DFSMShsm environment with JES3, the collection of all DFSMShsm primary volumes added to that processor that have a mount status of permanently resident or reserved, that have the automatic recall attribute specified, and that have a mount attribute of storage or private.
 general purpose library (QGPL)
A library that contains IBM-provided objects that are required for many system functions, and user-created objects that are not explicitly placed in a different library when they are created.
 general purpose register (GPR)
An explicitly addressable register that can be used for a variety of purposes (for example, as an accumulator or an index register).
 general resource
In RACF, any system resource, other than an MVS data set, that is defined in the class descriptor table (CDT). In MVS, general resources include DASD volumes, tape volumes, load modules, terminals, IMS and CICS transactions and other CICS resources, and installation-defined resource classes.
 general resource profile
In RACF, a profile that provides protection for one or more general resources. The information in the profile can include the general resource profile name, profile owner, universal access authority, access list, and other data.
 General Use Programming Interface (GUPI)
An interface, with few restrictions, for use in customer-written programs. The majority of programming interfaces are general-use programming interfaces, and are appropriate in a wide variety of application programs.
 generatable part
An EGL part that is generated into a single, compilable unit in the output code.
 generate
(1) In DB2 for i5/OS, to produce, through the actions performed by a precompiler. For example, the precompiler generates host language statements and declarations that are embedded into the input source, and this modified source is then used as input to a compiler.
(2) To produce a computer program by selection of subsets from skeletal code under the control of parameters.
 generated column
A column that is derived from an expression that may involve one or more columns in a table.
 generated course
A course that is created in a program other than LearningSpace - Virtual Classroom (for example, the Learning Management System), but is available in LearningSpace - Virtual Classroom.
 generation
The release of a software product to its customers that marks the end of a development cycle.
 generation data group (GDG)
A chronological collection of historically related data sets that do not use the Virtual Storage Access Method (VSAM); each data set is called a generation data set. See also generation data set.
 generation data group base entry
An entry that permits a data set that does not use the Virtual Storage Access Method (VSAM) to be associated as a generation data set (GDS) with other data sets not using VSAM .
 generation data set (GDS)
One of the data sets in a generation data group (GDG); a GDS is historically related to the other data sets in the group. See also generation data group.
 generation feature
In CICS/VSE, An IBM licensed program order option used to tailor the object code of a program to user requirements.
 generation number
The number of a generation within a generation data group (GDG). A zero represents the current generation of the group, a negative integer (-1) represents an older generation, and a positive integer (+1) represents a new generation that has not yet been cataloged. See also GDS reclaim processing.
 generation template
A template used when authoring content. The template is used to generate resources or a list of resources to a static file.
 generic
Relating to, or characteristic of, a whole group or class.
 generic alert
(1) Alert information that is provided as text or is encoded using a method in which code points provide an index into short units of stored text. The use of generic alerts prevents the receiver from having to recognize and understand each unique problem for which an alert is sent. See also nongeneric alert.
(2) A Systems Network Architecture (SNA) Network Management Vector that enables a product to signal a problem to the network. CICSPlex SM uses generic alerts as part of its interface to NetView.
 generic applid
In XRF, the name by which the active-alternate pair of CICS systems is known to the end user. In VTAM terms, this is the USERVAR. The generic name is also used in intersystem communication. See also specific applid.
 generic business object
A business object that generically represents a business entity across multiple applications or data sources. See also application-specific business object.
 generic class
See class template.
 generic controller description
An asynchronous controller description that is reserved for incoming calls on an X.25 packet-switching data network from a remote system or device that does not use SNA transmission protocols and whose location name and identifier are defined in configuration list QASYNCLOC in library QSYS.
 generic data identifier
In CICS, a 1-to-8 character alphanumeric name consisting of the common leading characters of a group of temporary storage queue names for which recovery is required.
 generic envelope type
A value that defines a specific envelope type. The contents of this envelope are published so that it can be used as a common interchange format.
 generic gate
Gives access to a set of functions that are provided by several domains.
 generic key
In systems with VSAM, a leading portion of a key, containing characters that identify those records that are significant for a certain application. The key is one or more consecutive characters, taken from a data record, used to identify the record and establish its order with respect to other records.
 Generic Log Adapter (GLA)
A tool that allows generic data collection from multiple heterogeneous data sources by converting individual records and events into the Common Base Event format. See also autonomic computing.
 generic name
(1) The characters common to object names that can be used to identify a group of objects. A generic name ends with an asterisk (*). For example, ORD* identifies all objects whose names begin with the characters ORD.
(2) In the hierarchical file system, a path name that contains one or more wildcard characters.
 generic port (G_port)
A port on a fibre-channel switch that can function either as a fabric port (F_port) or as an expansion port (E_port). The functionality of a G_port is determined during port login: a G_port functions as an F_port when connected to a node port (N_port) and as an E_port when connected to an E_port.
 generic profile
A Resource Access Control Facility (RACF) profile that contains security information about multiple data sets that might have similar characteristics and require a similar level of protection. See also data set profile, discrete profile, resource profile.
 generic resource group
A set of IMS systems that have the same generic resource name, enabling VTAM to distribute terminal sessions among them.
 generic resource member
An IMS system that belongs to a generic resource group.
 generic resource name
A name that VTAM uses to represent several application programs that provide the same function in order to handle session distribution and balancing in a Sysplex environment.
 Generic Security Services API
See Generic Security Services application programming interface.
 Generic Security Services application programming interface (GSS API, Generic Security Services API)
A common application programming interface (API) for accessing security services.
 generic server
A server that is managed in, but not supplied by WebSphere Application Server. Any server or process that is necessary to support the Application Server environment, including a Java server, a C or C++ server or process, a CORBA server, or a Remote Method Invocation (RMI) server.
 generic server cluster
A group of remote servers that need routing by the proxy server.
 generic unit name
A name assigned to a class of devices that share the same hardware characteristics. See also esoteric unit name.
 Generic Windows playback policy
A policy that collects performance data played back from a recorded sequence of actions in a Microsoft Windows application. Generic Windows uses the time measurement calls and threshold settings to detect performance problems and send violation events when threshold violations occur.
 genucode
A program that is used to download microcode to a specific adapter or device. This program is provided with a microcode update, when the microcode update is available before the Diagnostics Download Microcode Service Aid for the specific adapter or device is provided in AIX.
 geo-code
In WebSphere Commerce, an application-specific code representing a geographical region. See also jurisdiction.
 geocoder
In DB2 Spatial Extender, a scalar function that translates existing data into data that can be understood in spatial terms. For example, a geocoder that is supplied by Spatial Extender translates United States addresses into instances of a spatial data type. Another geocoder might translate the identifier of a shelf in a warehouse into data that identifies the location of that shelf in the warehouse.
 geodesic distance
The shortest path between two points on the ellipsoidal shape of the Earth.
 Geographically Dispersed Parallel Sysplex (GDPS)
An application that integrates Parallel Sysplex technology and remote copy technology to enhance application availability and improve disaster recovery. GDPS topology is a Parallel Sysplex cluster spread across two sites, with all critical data mirrored between the sites. GDPS manages the remote copy configuration and storage subsystems; automates Parallel Sysplex operational tasks; and automates failure recovery from a single point of control.
 geographic coordinate system
In DB2 Spatial Extender and DB2 Geodetic Extender, a reference system that uses latitude and longitude to define locations on the surface of a sphere or spheroid.
 geographic feature
An object on the surface of the Earth (such as a city or river), a space (such as a safety zone around a hazardous site), or an event that occurs at a location (such as an auto accident that occurred at a particular intersection). See also geographic information system.
 geographic information system (GIS)
A complex of objects, data, and applications that is used to create and analyze spatial information about geographic features. See also DB2 Spatial Extender, geographic feature.
 geographic mirroring
A subfunction of cross-site mirroring (XSM) that generates a mirror image of an independent disk pool on a system, which is (optionally) geographically distant from the originating site for availability or protection purposes.
 GEOS
See geo-stationary Earth orbit system.
 geo-stationary Earth orbit system (GEOS)
Communications system with satellites in geosynchronous orbits 22,300 miles above Earth.
 get
In message queuing, to use the MQGET call to remove a message from a queue.
 getpage
An operation in which DB2 for z/OS accesses a data page.
 getter method
A method whose purpose is to get the value of an instance or class variable. This allows another object to find out the value of one of its variables. See also setter method, accessor method, mutator method.
 GETVIS space
In CICS/VSE, storage space within a partition or the shared virtual area, available for dynamic allocation to programs.
 GFT
See grant functional transmission.
 GHz
See gigahertz.
 GID
(1) See group identification number.
(2) See group ID.
 GIF
See Graphics Interchange Format.
 gigabit
In data communications, 10 to the power of 9 or 1,000,000,000 bits.
 Gigabit Ethernet
A variation of the Ethernet protocol that is capable of transmitting data at one billion bits per second. Gigabit Ethernet on the System i family is supported only by TCP/IP in full-duplex mode.
 gigabit interface converter (GBIC)
An encoding/decoding device that is a class-1 laser component assembly with transmitting and receiving receptacles that connect to fiber-optic cables. GBICs perform a serial optical-to-electrical and electrical-to-optical conversion of the signal. The GBICs in the switch can be hot-swapped.
 gigabits per second (Gbps)
A measure of high speed bandwidth on a digital data transmission medium such as optical fiber. See also kilobits per second.
 gigabit switch
A 16-port, fibre-channel gigabit switch.
 gigabyte (GB)
In decimal notation, 1 073 741 824 when referring to memory capacity; in all other cases, it is defined as 1 000 000 000.
 gigahertz (GHz)
A unit of frequency equal to 1,000,000,000 hertz.
 GIOP
See General Inter-ORB Protocol.
 GIS
See geographic information system.
 GIX
See generalized interactive executive.
 GLA
See Generic Log Adapter.
 glare
A condition that occurs when both ends of a telephone line or trunk are seized at the same time.
 global
(1) Pertaining to information available to more than one program or subroutine. See also local.
(2) Pertaining to an element that is available to any process in the workspace. A global element appears in the project tree and can be used in multiple processes. Tasks, processes, repositories, and services can be either global (referenced by any process in the project) or local (specific to a single process). See also local.
 global access checking
An RACF feature that is used to improve performance of authorization checking for selected resources.
 global attribute
In XML, an attribute that is declared as a child of the schema element rather than as part of a complex type definition. Global attributes can be referenced in one or more content models using the ref attribute.
 global catalog
(1) In a federated system, the database system catalog. The catalog contains information about objects in the federated database and at the data source. The catalog also contains information about the entire federated system. The information in the global catalog is used by the query optimizer to plan the best way to process SQL statements.
(2) A system data set in which CICS records CICS system information. See also local catalog.
 global catalog domain
Together with the local catalog domain, a repository used by other CICS domains to hold information to allow an orderly restart. The two catalog domains enable CICS code to read, write, and purge records on the global and local catalog data sets so that a record of the CICS state can be maintained when CICS is not running.
 global character
See wildcard character.
 global command
A command that is recognized and honored by any node in a JES2 network.
 global commit coordinator
The sync point manager that controls the overall result of the two-phase commit process in a distributed transaction.
 global directory agent (GDA)
A Distributed Computing Environment (DCE) component that makes it possible for the local control data set CDS to access names in foreign cells.
 Global Directory Service (GDS)
The DCE Directory Service component that locates other cells using global cell names. GDS can use an X.500-based directory service or the Internet distributed directory service called Domain Name Service (DNS). See also Cell Directory Service.
 global domain
A group of Domino domains, such as Sales1, Sales2, and Marketing, under a single Internet domain, such as acme.com. All outbound SMTP mail, whether it originates from the Sales1 or Marketing domains, has the return address acme.com.
 global element
In XML, an element that is declared as a child of the schema element rather than as part of a complex type definition. Global elements can be referenced in one or more content models using the ref attribute.
 global error table
A method employed by some high-level languages, such as C and Fortran, to determine actions for handling conditions. Whereas Language Environment condition handling actions are defined at the stack frame level, actions defined using the global error table apply to an entire application until explicitly changed.
 global file set
The root file set in the global namespace.
 global file system
A single file system that provides complete, shared access to both Windows and UNIX clients in the same environment. See also file-placement rule.
 global instance identifier
A globally unique identifier that is generated either by the application or by the emitter and is used as a primary key for event identification.
 globalization (G11N)
The process of developing, manufacturing, and marketing software products that are intended for worldwide distribution.
 global lock
(1) A lock that provides concurrency control within and among DB2 subsystems. The scope of the lock is across all DB2 subsystems of a data sharing group.
(2) An IRLM lock that interests two IRLMs; both must coordinate to grant it.
 global lock contention
A conflict on locking requests between different members of a data sharing group when those members are trying to serialize shared resources.
 global lock management
Lock management that controls access to resources shared among IMS systems participating in block level sharing.
 globally defined object
On z/OS, an object whose definition is stored in the shared repository. The object is available to all queue managers in the queue-sharing group. See also locally defined object.
 Globally Unique Identifier (GUID)
An algorithmically determined number that uniquely identifies an entity within a system. See also Universal Unique Identifier, type 1 GUID, type 3 GUID.
 global main
The global address space that controls job scheduling and device allocation for a complex of JES3 processors. See also local main.
 global mirror
An optional capability of the remote mirror and copy feature that provides a two-site extended-distance remote copy. Data that is written by the host to the storage unit at the local site is automatically maintained at the remote site. See also metro mirror, remote mirror and copy.
 global mobile personal communications service (GMPCS)
Future mobile satellite systems that will provide global wireless phone service.
 global mutex
A mutual exclusion lock that is provided by the pthreads library to allow easy serialization to application resources.
 global name
(1) In COBOL, a name that is declared in only one program but that may be referred to from that program and from any program contained within that program. Condition names, data names, file names, record names, and some special registers may be global names.
(2) In Managed System Services, the name by which an object is known to SNA File Services (SNA/FS). SNA/FS enables objects to be uniquely named in an SNA network with systems of different types.
 global online change
An IMS function that changes resources online for all IMSs in an IMSplex.
 global operating mode
An operating mode that determines how deployment requests are created and approved for all managed applications.
 global optimization guideline
An optimization guideline that applies to all DML statements for which an optimization profile is in effect. See also optimization guideline.
 global optimizer
In a federated system, a feature of the DB2 SQL Compiler that analyzes distributed queries and determines the most efficient way to run them. The global optimizer evaluates queries based on resource cost. See also push-down processing.
 global polling
In Managed System Services, a type of polling used by the topology manager when collecting topology information for all the systems in the network.
 global positioning system (GPS)
A satellite constellation that provides highly accurate position, velocity, and time navigation information to users.
 global processor
The processor that controls job scheduling and device allocation for a complex of processors.
 global record
In SQL replication, the row in the register table that defines global replication characteristics for a particular instance of the Capture program.
 global registry
A file created during a root installation of a DB2 product on a UNIX or Linux system. The file contains information such as service records, instance records (instance name, instance path), variable records (variable names, variable values), and DAS information.
 global repository
A top-level repository that appears in the Project Tree. It has a global scope and can be referenced by multiple processes. A global repository can be thought of as a data store.
 global resource identifier
An 8-byte identifier that identifies a coded font resource. A GRID contains the following fields in the order listed: GCSGID of a minimum set of graphic characters required for presentation. It can be a character set that is associated with the code page, or with the font character set, or with both. CPGID of the associated code page. FGID of the associated font character set Font width in 1440ths of an inch.
 global resource manager
A component of Tivoli Intelligent Orchestrator that determines optimal resource allocation and maintains a stable application infrastructure.
 global resource serialization (GRS)
A component of z/OS that serializes the use of system resources and converts hardware reserves on direct access storage device (DASD) volumes to data set enqueues.
 global resource serialization complex
A group of systems that use global resource serialization (GRS) to serialize access to shared resources such as data sets on shared direct access storage device (DASD) volumes.
 global rule
A rule specifying the project-wide replacement of a certain type of host input field with a particular widget.
 global scope
(1) The portion of a source program that is not contained within a class, function, or namespace definition.
(2) The portion of namespace scope that is not contained in a namespace definition. See also namespace scope.
 global scratch pool
A group of empty tapes that do not have unique serial numbers and are not known individually to DFSMShsm. The tapes are not associated with a specific device.
 global security
Pertains to all applications running in the environment and determines whether security is used, the type of registry used for authentication, and other values, many of which act as defaults.
 Global Security Kit (GSK)
A toolkit for managing digital certificates used in implementing Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) security.
 global server
In the DCE Distributed Time Service (DTS), a server that provides its clock value to courier servers on other cells, or to DTS entities that have failed to obtain the specified number of servers locally.
 global service group (GSG)
The collection of all IMS subsystems that can access a particular set of databases. A global service group can span several MVS systems at more than one geographical location.
 global shared resource (GSR)
An indicator of the use of a Virtual Storage Access Method (VSAM) global resource pool. See also VSAM record-level sharing, shared resource, local shared resource.
 global sign-on (GSO)
A flexible single sign-on solution that enables the user to provide alternative user names and passwords to the back-end Web application server. Global sign-on grants users access to the computing resources they are authorized to use -- through a single login. Designed for large enterprises consisting of multiple systems and applications within heterogeneous, distributed computing environments, GSO eliminates the need for users to manage multiple user names and passwords. See also single sign-on.
 Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM)
A standard for digital cellular telephone systems that originated in Europe and is now used in countries across the globe. GSM networks support voice, data, text, and facsimile transmissions.
 global trace
A WebSphere MQ for z/OS trace option where the trace data comes from the entire WebSphere MQ for z/OS subsystem.
 global transaction
(1) A unit of work in a distributed transaction processing environment in which multiple resource managers are required.
(2) A recoverable unit of work performed by one or more resource managers in a distributed transaction environment and coordinated by an external transaction manager.
 global transaction identifier (GTRID)
The part of an event identifier (EID) that uniquely identifies all of the nodes in a distributed transaction.
 global trap/trace exit
A problem-determination function controlled by the CSFE CICS transaction.
 global user exit
A point in a CICS module at which CICS can pass control to a user-written program (known as an exit program), and then resume control when the program has finished. When an exit program is enabled for a particular exit point, the program is called every time the exit point is reached. See also task-related user exit.
 global variable
(1) A named entity within query management that can be assigned a value used for communications between an application program and query management. The entity is accessible from both the application program and query management. See also runtime variable.
(2) A symbol defined in one program module that is used in other program modules that are independently compiled.
(3) A variable used to contain information for the use of actions. The values of global variables can be extracted from a host screen or elsewhere, and can be used in templates, transformations, macros, Integration Objects, or business logic. A global variable can be a single value or an array, and it can be shared with other applications sharing the same session.
(4) A variable that is used to hold and manipulate values assigned to it during translation and that is shared across maps and across document translations. One of the three types of variables supported by the Data Interchange Services mapping command language.
(5) A representation of a changeable value that can be accessed and modified by SQL statements that are running within the same session scope. See also special register, variable, session global variable, created global variable, built-in global variable.
 global variable pool
In query management, the set of all user- and query-defined variables associated with a query instance.
 global work area (GWA)
An area provided by CICS for a user exit program when the user exit program is enabled.
 global zone
Logical division of the SMP/E consolidated software inventory (CSI).
 gloss
A unit of information associated with a dictionary entry, such as lemma, part of speech, morphosyntactic category, frequency of usage, or synonym. Glosses can refer to other glosses, because common sets of information are often combined into a single instance of a gloss and then multiply referenced.
 GLT
See group list table.
 glue code
A segment of code that is used to connect two pre-existing pieces of code and retain full functionality. See also off-the-rack.
 glyph
(1) A graphic symbol whose appearance conveys information, for example, the vertical and horizontal arrows on cursor keys that indicate the directions in which they control cursor movement.
(2) An image, usually of a character, in a font. See also character, graphic character.
 GMPCS
See global mobile personal communications service.
 GMS
See generalized main scheduling.
 GMT
See Greenwich mean time.
 GNOME
See GNU Network Object Model Environment.
 GNU Compiler Collection (GCC)
An open source collection of compilers supporting C, C++, Objective-C, Ada, Java, and Fortran.
 GNU Network Object Model Environment (GNOME)
A desktop environment that is built on open source ideals that prides itself on being free, user-friendly, widely accessible, standardized, developer-friendly, well-formed and well-supported.
 goal
In a policy-enabled system, a type of unsolicited decision that defines an objective that a managed resource must meet. A goal consists of a logic expression that defines the constraint and evaluation strategy, which defines when to evaluate the constraint. Based on a goal, an autonomic manager attempts to manage the behavior of a managed resource. In Policy Management for Autonomic Computing, goals are not supported.
 goal mode
(1) A workload management mode for an MVS image in a sysplex using an MVS workload management service definition to automatically and dynamically balance its system resources according to the active service policy for the sysplex.
(2) A mode of processing in which the active service policy determines system resource management.
 GOCA
See Graphic Object Content Architecture.
 GOFF
See Generalized Object File Format.
 golden master image
An archive of the file system that is put on managed computer systems. It includes the operating system, software, and data or configuration files.
 Gopher
In Internet communications, a distributed information service that makes available hierarchical collections of information. A single Gopher client can access information from any accessible Gopher server. The Gopher client provides the user with a menu-driven interface.
 governance
The decision making processes in the administration of an organization. The rights and responsibilities of these processes are typically shared among the organization's participants, especially the management and stakeholders.
 governance life cycle
A life cycle that represents the states and transitions that can exist in SOA deployment.
 governance policy validator
A sample validator that enables the user to control the operations that can be performed on specific entities based on the metadata that is attached to those entities.
 governance processes
A process that ensures that compliance and operational polices are enforced, and that change occurs in a controlled fashion and with appropriate authority as envisioned by the business design.
 governance state
A state defined within the governance life cycle, for example, "created", "planned", or "specified".
 governance Web service
A service that retrieves information and runs actions, relating to the governance of objects, from a Web service client.
 governed collection
Group of objects on which an operation may be performed automatically, as a result of an initial operation.
 governed entity
Controls visibility of artifacts as well as controlling who can perform which actions on specific governed entities.
 governor
See resource limit facility.
 GPAR
See Generalized Performance Analysis Reporting.
 GPFS cluster
A cluster of nodes defined as being available for use by GPFS file systems. See also cluster.
 GPFS portability layer
The interface module that each installation must build for its specific hardware platform and Linux distribution.
 GPFS recovery log
A file that contains a record of metadata activity and that exists for each node of a cluster. In the event of a node failure, the recovery log for the failed node is replayed, restoring the file system to a consistent state and allowing other nodes to continue working.
 G_port
See generic port.
 GPR
See general purpose register.
 GPRS
See General Packet Radio Service.
 GPS
See global positioning system.
 grain
In a FlashCopy bitmap, the unit of data represented by a single bit.
 grammar
(1) A structured collection of words and phrases bound together by rules. A grammar defines the set of all words, phrases and sentences that might be spoken by a caller and are recognized by the engine. A grammar differs from a vocabulary in that it provides rules that govern the order in which words and phrases can be joined together.
(2) A document type definition (DTD) or schema providing a structured format used for successful processing by the trace service.
 grammar mask
A set of values with grammatical and occasionally morphological information about the word. Grammatically ambiguous word forms have multiple grammar masks.
 grant
To give a privilege or authority to an authorization identifier.
 grant functional transmission (GFT)
In MTAM, a control character indicating that the host system gives permission to i5/OS to send data or that i5/OS gives permission to the host system to send data. See also request functional transmission.
 granularity
The extent to which a larger entity is subdivided. For example, a meter broken into millimeters has finer granularity than a meter broken into centimeters.
 graph
(1) The displayed, printed, or plotted output that represents the horizontal and vertical axis variables specified by the user for a collection of data.
(2) See chart.
 graph format
In Performance Tools, a template used to display performance and historical graphs. The graph format consists of such things as titles, axis variables, and the type of graph.
 Graphical Data Display Manager (GDDM)
An IBM computer-graphics system that defines and displays text and graphics for output on a display or printer. See also presentation graphics routines.
 graphical performance monitor
A monitor that displays status information and performance statistics for links in a job that is open in the designer client canvas while the job runs in the director client or debugger.
 graphical user interface (GUI)
A type of computer interface that presents a visual metaphor of a real-world scene, often of a desktop, by combining high-resolution graphics, pointing devices, menu bars and other menus, overlapping windows, icons and the object-action relationship.
 graphic character
(1) A DBCS character.
(2) A visual representation of a character, other than a control character, that is normally produced by writing, printing, or displaying. See also glyph.
 graphic character global identifier (GCGID)
A 4- to 8-character alphanumeric identifier assigned to a registered graphic character. Each graphic character that is to be assigned a code point must have a GCGID. Each GCGID is unique.
 graphic character set
A defined set of graphic characters treated as an entity. No coded representation is assumed.
 graphic character set global identifier (GCSGID)
(1) A number between 00001 and 65534 that is assigned to identify a graphic character set. For i5/OS, the graphic character set global identifier is expressed as a 5-digit decimal number. For example, the invariant character set has the GCSGID of 00640.
(2) A unique graphic character set identifier that can be expressed as either a 2-byte binary value or a 5-digit decimal value.
 graphic character-set ID
A 5-digit registered identifier used to specify a graphic character set. The graphic character-set ID is the first part of the QCHRID system value or the CHRID parameter value.
 graphic data
Data that has an associated coding representation that defines how to interpret each specific pattern of bits that are grouped into one or more 2-byte sequences.
 graphic data type
A character string in which each character is represented by 2 bytes. The character string does not contain shift-in (SI) and shift-out (SO) characters. See also DBCS-only.
 Graphic Object Content Architecture (GOCA)
An architecture that provides a collection of graphics values and control structures used to interchange and present graphics data.
 graphics data format (GDF)
In AFP Utilities, the ability to create an AFP resource, such as an electronic overlay.
 graphics data format file (GDF file)
A picture definition in a coded order format used internally by the GDDM function and, optionally, providing the user with a lower-level programming interface than the GDDM application programming interface.
 graphics field
In the GDDM function, that part of the display or the paper that is used for pictures and graphics text.
 Graphics Interchange Format (GIF)
A file format for storing images. GIF files are common on the World Wide Web because they only contain a maximum of 256 colors and are therefore very small.
 graphics primitive
In the GDDM function, a single item of graphics information, such as a line or a string of graphics text.
 graphics segment
In the GDDM function, a group of graphics primitives (lines, arcs, and text) that are operated as a common set. The graphics primitives inside a graphics segment share characteristics, such as visibility and angle of rotation, but keep their individual characteristics, such as color and line width.
 graphics symbol set
In the GDDM function, an object that can contain either lines or images. The system-recognized identifier for the object type is *GSS.
 graphics text
In the GDDM function, text displayed by an application program using a graphics symbol set.
 graphic string
A sequence of double byte character set (DBCS) characters.
 graphics window
In the GDDM function, the view of the graphics picture that is defined by the range of the world coordinates specified by the user.
 gray level
In the GDDM function, a digitally coded shade of gray that is in a range of 0 through 7.
 gray scale
A scale that indicates the shades of gray between black and white that can be presented on a display device.
 gray-scale image
An image that is represented by different gray values that range from white to black.
 GRECP
See group buffer pool recovery pending.
 green-field development
Development that is started from scratch, as opposed to evolution of an existing system or reengineering of a legacy piece.
 green-screen application
An application coded for character-based interfaces such as IBM 3270 or 5250 terminals.
 Greenwich mean time (GMT)
The mean solar time at the meridian of Greenwich, England.
 greeting
In voice mail, the recording heard by a caller on reaching subscriber's mailbox. See also voice message.
 greeting header
In voice mail, a recording made by a subscriber and played to callers either before or instead of a personal greeting.
 Gregorian calendar
The calendar widely used in the Western world and that closely approximates the length of a solar year.
 grid
(1) In Business Graphics Utility and the GDDM function, uniformly spaced horizontal and vertical lines on a chart.
(2) In AFP Utilities, horizontal and vertical lines printed on an AFP resource, such as an electronic overlay, to help in the design of the AFP resource.
 grid computing
The ability, using a set of open standards and protocols, to gain access to applications and data, processing power, storage capacity and a vast array of other computing resources over the Internet. Grid computing uses a type of parallel and distributed system that enables the sharing, selection, and aggregation of resources distributed across multiple administrative domains based on their availability, capability, performance, cost, and users' quality-of-service requirements. See also virtualization, Open Grid Services Architecture, virtualized.
 grid job
A set of managed background activities. See also native start endpoint.
 grid WSDL (GWSDL)
An extension to WSDL 1.1 that is used in the OGSI specification, which among other things enables interface inheritance and open content for various port type definitions. GWSDL is a temporary solution that supports grid services until the WSDL 1.2 draft specification can be approved by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).
 gross lock
The shared, update, or exclusive mode locks on a table, partition, or table space. See also exclusive lock, shared lock.
 group
(1) A logical organization of users whose membership allows them to perform the same activities or provide the same authority to access resources.
(2) In a satellite environment, a collection of satellites that share characteristics such as the database configuration and the application that runs on the satellites.
(3) A collection of users who can share access authorities for protected resources.
(4) A named list of users and servers. It can be used in contact lists, access control lists, and so on.
(5) In places, two or more people who are grouped for membership in a place.
(6) In resource definition online, a collection of related resources. The main purpose of an RDO group is convenience in storing definitions in the CSD.
(7) A list of elements with information about how those elements can appear in a message. Groups can be ordered, unordered, or selective.
(8) With respect to partitioned data sets (PDSs), a member and the member's aliases that exist in a PDS or partitioned data set extended (PDSE), or in an unloaded PDSE.
(9) A set of related documents within an interchange. An interchange can contain zero to many groups.
(10) A logical set of managed objects. Groups can be dynamic, static, or task-based.
(11) A collection of organizing computers independent of any resource pool or application tier association. Groups can be static or dynamic.
 group address
In communications, a multidestination address associated with one or more stations on a given network. See also individual address.
 group authority
Authority to use objects, resources, or functions from a group profile.
 group buffer pool (GBP)
A coupling facility cache structure that is used by a data sharing group to cache data and to ensure that the data is consistent for all members. See also cache structure.
 group buffer pool duplexing
The ability to write data to two instances of a group buffer pool structure: a primary group buffer pool and a secondary group buffer pool. z/OS publications refer to these instances as the "old" (for primary) and "new" (for secondary) structures.
 group buffer pool recovery pending (GRECP)
The state that exists after the buffer pool for a data sharing group is lost. When a page set is in this state, changes that are recorded in the log must be applied to the affected page set before the page set can be used.
 group calendar
A display that shows the events for up to seven users at one time.
 Group Control System (GCS)
In OSI Communications Subsystem, a VM operating environment in which the subsystem and Virtual Telecommunications Access Method (VTAM) run.
 group data area
A data area that is automatically created when an interactive job becomes a group job. This data area is shared by all jobs in the group but cannot be used by jobs outside the group.
 group data set
On MVS, a RACF-protected data set in which either the high-level qualifier of the data set name or the qualifier supplied by an installation exit routine is a RACF group name. See also user data set.
 grouped row
A row of data in a QBE target or example table that is summarized either by the G.keyword or a built-in function.
 Groupe Special Mobile (GSM)
A CEPT/CCH standard for mobile telephony.
 group ID (GID)
(1) In Resource Access Control Facility (RACF), a string of one to eight characters that identifies a group. The first character must be A through Z, #, $, or @. The rest can be A through Z, #, $, @, or 0 through 9.
(2) In the AIX operating system, a number that corresponds to a specific group name. The group ID can often be substituted in commands that take a group name as a value.
(3) In the UNIX operating system, an integer that uniquely identifies each group of users to the operating system.
 group identification number (GID)
A 4 byte, unsigned integer (GID) that is used to identify a group profile. See also user identification number.
 group indication
In RPG, the printing of control information for only the first record of a group of records containing identical control information.
 grouping task
A task in the Task Center that contains other tasks. Tasks are used to define task actions that depend on the results of the tasks that the grouping task contains.
 group item
In COBOL, a named set of consecutive elementary or group items.
 group job
One of up to 16 interactive jobs that are associated in a group with the same work station device and user.
 group job name
The name that identifies a given job within a group.
 group job transfer
An operation performed by the Transfer to Group Job (TFRGRPJOB) command that will either start a new group job or resume an existing group job.
 group level
The release level of a data sharing group, which is established when the first member migrates to a new release.
 group list print descriptor
A special type of print descriptor used to define print descriptor groups, and the search order used when a print descriptor is referred to.
 group list table (GLT)
A CICS table that identifies the library and file names for resource mapping that is to be installed when the control region is started.
 group member
(1) A user profile that is a member of a group profile.
(2) The name of an entity that joins an XCF group and communicates with IMS using the OTMA protocol. A member can be either a server (IMS) or a client.
 group message queue
A message queue that is associated with a group of jobs. When the message queue is set either to break mode or notify mode in the active group job, the mode is the same for any job in the group that becomes the active job.
 group name
(1) The z/OS XCF identifier for a data sharing group.
(2) A name that uniquely identifies a group of users to the system. The group name contains 1 - 8 alphanumeric characters, beginning with an alphabetic character or one of these special characters: #, $, or >.
 group profile
A profile that provides the same authority to a group of users.
 group-related user attribute
In RACF, a user attribute assigned at the group level that allows the user to control the resource, group, and user profiles associated with the group and its subgroups.
 group restart
A restart of at least one member of a data sharing group after the loss of either locks or the shared communications area.
 group scope
In a data sharing environment, the scope of a command that affects all members of a data sharing group.
 group terminal option
In RACF, a function that allows users within a group to log on only from those terminals that they have been specifically authorized to use.
 group window
In System i Access for Windows, a window that contains one or more icons that represent applications, functions, or documents.
 GRS
See global resource serialization.
 GRS complex (GRSplex)
One or more z/OS images that share a common global resource serialization (GRS) policy in either a ring or star configuration.
 GRSplex
See GRS complex.
 GSAM
See generalized sequential access method.
 GSAM PCB
See generalized sequential access method program communication block.
 GSG
See global service group.
 GSK
See Global Security Kit.
 gsk7ikm
A utility that creates public-private key pairs and certificate requests, receives certificate requests into a key database, and manages keys in a key database.
 GSM
(1) See Groupe Special Mobile.
(2) See Global System for Mobile Communications.
 GSO
See global sign-on.
 GSR
See global shared resource.
 GSS API
See Generic Security Services application programming interface.
 GTF
See generalized trace facility.
 GTRID
See global transaction identifier.
 guaranteed level of service
See service level agreement.
 guaranteed print labeling
A method of print labeling that ensures the integrity of the identification label by preventing the user from changing the label. If attempts are made to override print labeling, printing is stopped, and an audit record is written. See also non-guaranteed print labeling.
 guaranteed service
A type of service class that ensures bandwidth availability and provides information on queuing delays. Guaranteed service is the most reliable of the service classes. It is commonly used for applications that cannot tolerate network delays or performance variations. For example, applications such as Internet Protocol (IP) telephony and other real-time applications have specific timing needs that require guaranteed service.
 guaranteed space
A storage class attribute indicating that space is to be allocated when a data set is created. If you specify explicit, volume, serial numbers, the storage management subsystem (SMS) honors them. If space to satisfy the allocation is not available on the user-specified volumes, the allocation fails.
 guard condition
A condition that must be satisfied before an associated event can occur.
 Guest LAN
A virtual local area network (LAN) segment that is emulated by the z/VM Control Program (CP). A Guest LAN can be shared by guest virtual machines on the same z/VM system.
 guest partition
A secondary partition that runs an operating system other than i5/OS. The guest partition requires another partition to host it. The purpose of the hosting partition is to supply paths from virtual I/O in the guest partition's operating system to real I/O hardware drivers in the hosting partition.
 guest virtual machine
In z/VM, the functional equivalent of a System z9 or zSeries system, including the virtual processors, virtual storage, virtual devices, and virtual channel subsystem allocated to a single user. Each guest virtual machine can be controlled by an operating system, such as CMS, z/VSE, z/OS, or Linux.
 GUI
See graphical user interface.
 GUID
See Globally Unique Identifier.
 guided sell metaphor
A metaphor that presents customers with a series of multiple-choice questions, where each answer determines the next question and eventually refines the search to a smaller list of products. The guided sell metaphor is intended for customers who are not sure where to start.
 guideline value
In capacity planning, a value used as a general guide for optimal resource utilization. If resource utilization is above the guideline value, the resource may be approaching a problem area or a threshold value. Guideline values are also available for the rate of synchronous reads in the machine pool and for the sum of all pools. See also threshold value.
 GUI designer
The VRPG tool suite that allows the user to create interfaces by dragging and dropping controls from the parts palette to the design window.
 GUPI
See General Use Programming Interface.
 GWA
See global work area.
 GWSDL
See grid WSDL.

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H
 
 H.323
A recommendation from the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) that defines standards for audio and video communications over Local Area Networks (LANs) that do not provide a guaranteed Quality of Service (QoS).
 H.323 gatekeeper
The central point for all calls within an H.323 Zone. An H.323 client registers with a gatekeeper to become part of an H.323 Zone. The gatekeeper performs switching functions for clients within the zone. It also performs bandwidth management services by preventing the number of connections from rising above a specified limit.
 H.323 gateway
A device that allows different conferencing protocols to communicate with each other. An H.323 gateway translates between H.323 clients, such as NetMeeting, and other conferencing protocols.
 H.323 zone
All H.323 clients, gateways, and multipoint control units managed by a single gatekeeper.
 HA
See high availability.
 hacker
An unauthorized person who tries to gain access to protected resources on a system. See also cracker.
 HACMP
See High-Availability Cluster Multi-Processing.
 HADR
See high availability disaster recovery.
 HA group
A collection of one or more members used to provide high availability for a process.
 HAL
See hardware abstraction layer.
 HALDB
See high availability large database.
 HALDB master
A named entity of a high availability large database that represents only the structural definition of data and refers to the entire collection of partitions.
 HALDB OLR
See HALDB online reorganization.
 HALDB online reorganization (HALDB OLR)
A function of IMS that allows non-disruptive, online reorganization of PHDAM and PHIDAM partitions.
 HALDB partition
A named entity of a high availability large database that represents a partition of an HALDB.
 half-adjust
A method of rounding off a number by adjusting the last significant digit. When the number to the right of the last significant digit is 5 or greater, add 1 to the digit. For example, 2.475 half-adjusted to two decimal places becomes 2.48, but 2.474 becomes 2.47.
 half-duplex (HD)
Describing a communications connection over which only one device at a time can transmit data. See also duplex.
 half-session
In SNA, one of the locations in a logical connection in a network.
 halfword
A contiguous sequence of bits or characters that constitutes half a computer word and can be addressed as a unit. See also doubleword, fullword, word.
 halfword binary
In DB2 for i5/OS, a binary number with a precision of 15 bits.
 halfword boundary
A storage location whose address is evenly divisible by 2. See also word boundary.
 halt indicator
In RPG, an indicator that stops the program when an unacceptable condition occurs. Valid halt indicators are H1 through H9.
 Handheld Device Markup Language (HDML)
A specialized version of HTML designed to enable wireless pagers, cell phones and other handheld devices to obtain information from Web pages.
 handle
(1) A variable that represents an internal structure within a software system.
(2) A character string that is created by an extender that is used to represent an image, an audio, or a video object in a table. A handle is stored for an object in a user table and in administrative support tables. In this way, an extender can link the handle that is stored in a user table with information about the object that is stored in the administrative support tables.
(3) In application programming interfaces, a variable that represents an object, an instance of an application using some function, or a processing session.
(4) In WebSphere MQ, the identifier or token by which a program accesses an MQM object.
(5) In the AIX operating system, a data structure that is a temporary local identifier for an object. Allocating a handle creates it. Binding a handle makes it identify an object at a specific location.
(6) A character string that represents an object, and is used to retrieve the object.
(7) In the Java EE specification, an object that identifies an enterprise bean. A client may serialize the handle, and then later deserialize it to obtain a reference to the enterprise bean. (Sun)
(8) In DB2 ODBC, a variable that refers to a data structure and associated resources.
 handle cursor
(1) A pointer that keeps track of the current exception handler.
(2) A pointer used by the condition manager as it traverses the stack. The handle cursor points to the condition handler currently being invoked in the stack frame, whether it is a user-written condition handler or a condition handler specific to a high level language.
 handled condition
A condition that either a user-written condition handler or the high-level language-specific condition handler has processed and for which the condition handler has specified that execution should continue. See also unhandled condition.
 handler
(1) A function that is registered by the application programmer to be called by the system or by the application when certain events occur in the system or application.
(2) A software routine that controls a program's reaction to specific external events, such as an interrupt handler.
(3) In the CICS/ESA Front End Programming Interface (FEPI), a transaction initiated to handle specified events.
(4) In Web services, a mechanism for processing service content and extending the function of a JAX-RPC runtime system.
 hand raise
An action that gets the meeting leader's attention during a session. The user can click the "hand raise" button and then ask a question.
 handshake
The exchange of messages at the start of a Secure Sockets Layer session that allows the client to authenticate the server using public key techniques (and, optionally, for the server to authenticate the client), then allows the client and server to cooperate in creating symmetric keys for encryption, decryption, and detection of tampering.
 hang
(1) To become unresponsive to user commands and to stop or appear to stop processing.
(2) A condition in which software becomes unresponsive to user commands and stops or appears to stop processing.
 Hanja
Korean characters derived from Chinese.
 HA policy
A set of rules that is defined for an HA group that dictate whether zero (0), or more members are activated. The policy is associated with a specific HA group by matching the policy match criteria with the group name.
 hard address
The arbitrated loop physical address (AL_PA) that a node loop port (NL_port) attempts to acquire during loop initialization.
 hard booking
The allocation of a resource that commits the resource to work on a project for its entire duration. Contoured work is placed in a planned state.
 hardcoded
Pertaining to software instructions that are statically encoded and not intended to be altered.
 hardcopy
A printed copy of machine output in a visually readable form, such as printed reports, documents, and summaries.
 hard disk
A nonremovable storage medium used for storage of data on a personal computer.
 hard disk drive (HDD)
A stand-alone disk drive that reads and writes data on rigid disks and can be attached to a port on the system unit.
 hardened message
A message that is written to auxiliary (disk) storage so that the message is not lost in the event of a system failure.
 hard link
(1) In a file system, an actual path to an existing object. A hard link is established by creating a directory entry. A hard link cannot cross file systems.
(2) A named connection between an object and its parent directory. An object may have multiple named connections between itself and one or more parent directories.
 hard page segment
A page segment that is declared in the Map Page Segment structured field and loaded in the printer before printing begins. This resource can be reused during the job without being reloaded in the printer. Hard page segments can be controlled by a page segment list in a page definition. See also soft page segment.
 hard resource
A resource declared in the appropriate Map structured field and loaded in the printer the first time it is referenced. It can be reused during the job without being reloaded to the printer. See also soft resource.
 hardware
The physical components of a computer system. See also software.
 hardware abstraction layer (HAL)
In operating systems such as Windows NT, a layer in which assembly language code is isolated. A hardware abstraction layer functions similarly to an application programming interface (API) and is used by programmers to write device-independent applications.
 hardware cell
In the GDDM function, the default character box associated with a particular display.
 hardware character
In the GDDM function, an alphanumeric character provided by the display station, usually from a display file.
 hardware configuration definition (HCD)
An interactive interface in z/OS that is used to define hardware configurations to the operating system and the channel subsystem.
 hardware control point
The hardware device through which the management server controls node hardware.
 hardware default font
The font used by the printer if no other font is specified.
 Hardware Management Console (HMC)
A system that controls managed systems, including the management of logical partitions and use of Capacity Upgrade on Demand. Using service applications, the HMC communicates with managed systems to detect, consolidate, and send information to IBM for analysis.
 Hardware Management Console Application (HWMCA)
A user-customized, object-oriented graphical user interface (GUI) that provides a single point of control for the system's hardware elements. The HWMCA provides aggregated and individual real-time system status using colors; consolidated hardware messages support; consolidated services support; and hardware commands targeted at a single system, multiple systems, or a group of systems.
 hardware monitor
A monitor that collects and displays events and statistical data both for hardware and for software applications to identify failing resources in a network. For problem determination, it also provides probable cause information and recommended actions. See also session monitor.
 hardware scanner
An application that searches the physical components of a computer system and returns information on these components with varying levels of detail, specified in the scanner configuration.
 hardware service manager
A tool for displaying and working with system hardware from both a logical and a packaging viewpoint, for debugging input/output processors (IOPs) and devices, and for fixing failing and missing hardware.
 hardware system area (HSA)
A logical area of central storage, not addressable by application programs, used to store Licensed Internal Code and control information.
 harvesting
In the Reusable Asset Specification (RAS), the activity